North American Indian Tribes

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From the date of its first appearance in 1891 the Powell map of "Linguistic Families of American Indians North of Mexico" has proved of the widest utility. It has been reissued several times and copied into numerous publications. There has, however, been almost equal need of a map giving the location of the tribes under the several families.

To one familiar from his readings in early American history with the names and locations of our prominent eastern "tribes," such as the Delaware, Iroquois, Cherokee, and Choctaw, the preparation of a tribal map would seem to be simple, and it would indeed be so if all Indians had been grouped into bodies as clearly marked as those mentioned. But even in the eastern United States the term "tribe" is quickly found to have no uniform application. The Creeks were a confederation of a few dominant tribes and a number of subordinate bodies, each formerly independent. The name "Delaware" is commonly said to have covered three tribes or sub-tribes, but while two of these seem never to have been independent of each other, the third, the Munsee, is often treated as if it were entirely separate. The name "Powhatan" was applied to about 30 tribes or sub-tribes which had been brought together by conquest only a few years before Virginia was settled, and the term "Chippewa," or "Ojibwa," is used for a multitude of small bands with little claim to any sort of governmental unity. In the case of the Iroquois, on the other hand, the tribe was only a part of the governmental unit, the Iroquois Confederation, or Longhouse. Read Introduction

Northeast

Includes the following States

Connecticut | Delaware | District of Columbia | Maine | Maryland | Massachusetts  New Hampshire | New Jersey | New York | Pennsylvania | Rhode Island | Vermont

Includes the following Indian Tribes

Abenaki  Acquintanacsnak  Algonkin  Algonquian Family  Arosaguntacook  Atquanachuke  Beothuk Family  Brotherton  Chickahominy  Conestoga  Delaware  Erie  Fox  Hathawekela (Absentee Shawnee) Huron  Illinois  Iroquois  Kickapoo  Manhattan  Mahican  Malecite  Marameg  Martha's Vineyard Indians  Mascouten  Mashpee  Maskegon  Massachuset  Matinecoc  Mattabesic  Meits  Metoac  Miami  Mohawk  Mohegan   Moravians  Munsee  Nanticoke  Narragansett  Nauset  Neutrals  Niantic ( Eastern) (Western)  Nipissing  Nipmuc  Ojibwe  Onondaga Ontonagon  Passamaquoddy  Pennacook  Penobscot  Pequawket  Pequot  Piankashaw  Pocomtic  Poosepatuck  Potawatomi  Powhatan  Saconnet  Saluda  Saponi  Sauk  Seneca  Shawnee  Shinnecock  Susquehanna  Tionontati  Tutelo  Tunxis  Unalachtigo  Unami  Wampanoag  Wappinger  Weanoc Wenrohronon

Upper Eastern

Includes the Following States:

Indiana | Kentucky | North Carolina | Tennessee | Virginia | West Virginia

Includes the Following Native American Tribes:

Algonquian Family  Bear River Indians  Cape Fear Indians  Catawba  Cheraw  Cherokee  Chickasaw  Chippewa  Chowanoc  Conoy  Coree  Delaware  Eno  Erie  Foxes  Hathawekela (Absentee Shawnee)  Hatteras  Hurons  Illinois  Irquois  Keyauwee  Kickapoo  Machapunga  Manahoac  Manahoac (2) Meherrin  Menominee  Miami  Monacan  Moratoc Mosopela  Muskogee  Nahyssan  Natchez  Neusiok  Neutrals  Nottaway  Noquet  Occaneechi  Ofo  Ottawa  Pamlico  Potawatomi  Saponi  Sara  Sauk  Seneca  Shakori  Shawnee  Sissipahaw  Sugeree  Susquehanna  Tali  Tuskegee  Tuscarora  Tutelo  Waccanaw  Wateree  Waxhaw  Weanoc  Weapemeoc  Woccon  Wyandot  Yuchi

Southeast

Includes the Following States

  Alabama | Florida | Georgia | Mississippi | South Carolina

Includes the Following Indian Tribes

Acolapissa  Acuera  Alabana  Amacano  Alibamu  Apalachee  Apaiachicola  Atsina  Bayogoula  Bayougoula  Biloxi  Calusa  Caparaz  Capinans  Catawba  Chakchiuma  Chatot  Chactoo  Chatot  Cherokee  Chesapeake  Chiaha  Chine  Christanna Indians  Choula   Chickasaw  Chitamacha  Choctaw  Congaree  Creek  Cusabo  Eno  Grigra  Guacata  Guale  Hathawekela (Absentee Shawnee)  Hitchiti  Houma  Icaful  Jeags  Karankawa  Karok  Kasihta  Keyauwee  Koasati   Koroa  Lumbee  Macapiras  Manahoac Matchotic  Mikasuki   Mobile  Moctobi  Monacan   Muklasa  Muskogee  Nappissa  Napochi  Natchez  Nottaway  Ocale  Occaneechi  Oçita  Oconee  Ofo  Okelousa  Onathequa  Onatheaqua  Osochi  Pascagoula  Pawokti  Pedee  Pensacola  Pohoy  Powhatan  Quapaw  Saluda  Santee(1) Santee(2) Saturiba  Seminole  Sewee  Shakori  Shawnee  Sissipahaw  Sugeree  Tacatacuru  Taensa  Taposa  Tekesta  Tequesta  Timucua Family  Tohome  Tunica  Tuscarora  Tuskegee  Tutelo   Ucita  Utina  Waccamaw  Wateree  Waxhaw  Winyaw  Yamasee  Yuchi  Yufera  Yui  Yustaga

Upper Mid-West

Includes the following States

Illinois | Michigan | Ohio | Wisconsin

Includes the Following Native American Tribes

Achiligonan  Algonquian Family  Chippewa  Chiwere Family  Dakota  Delaware  Erie  Foxes  Hathawekela (Absentee Shawnee)   Honniasontkeronon  Hurons  Illinois  Iowa  Iroquois  Kaskaskia  Kickapoo  Housatonic  Mahican  Mascoutens  Menominee  Miami   Michilimackinac  Mosopelea   Munsee  Neutrals  Noquet  Oneida  Ottawa  Oto  Peoria  Pepikokia  Potawatomi  Sauk  Shawnee  Stockbridge  Tionontati  Winnebago  Wyandot

Upper Plains

Includes the Following States

Iowa | Kansas | Minnesota | Missouri | Nebraska | North Dakota | South Dakota

Includes the Following Indian Tribes

Apache ( Jicarilla)  Arapaho  Arikara  Assiniboin  Blackfoot  Brulé Sioux  Caddo  Cheyenne  Cherokee  Chippewa  Chiwere Family  Comanche  Dakota (Sioux)  Delaware   Dotame  Foxes  Gros Ventre  Hathawekela (Absentee Shawnee) Hidatsa  Hunkpapa  Illinois  Iowa  Iroquois  Kansa  Kickapoo  Kiowa  Kiowa Apache  Mdewakanton Sioux  Miami  Mandan  Missouri  Moingwena  Munsee  Oglala  Ojibwa  Omaha  Osage  Oto  Ottawa  Pawnee  Peoria  Ponca  Potawatomi  Quapaw  San Arcs  Sauk  Santee  Seneca  Shawnee  Sisseton  Skidi Sutaio  Teton Sioux  Winnebago  Wyandot

Lower Plains

Includes the Following States

Arkansas | Louisiana | Oklahoma | Texas

Includes the Following Native American Tribes

Acolapissa  Adai  Alabama  Anadarko  Apache  Apalachee  Aranama  Arapaho  Avoyel  Bayogoula  Bidai  Biloxi  Caddo  Cahinnio  Chatot  Cherokee  Cheyenne  Chickasaw  Choctaw  Coahuiltecan Tribes  Comanche  Coaque  Creeks  Deadose  Delaware  Dotame  Doustioni  Eyeish  Foxes  Guasas  Hainai  Hathawekela(Absentee Shawnee) Hitchiti  Huma   Illinois  Iowa  Iroquois  Isleta del Sur  Jicarilla  Kadohadacho  Kansa   Karankawan  Karankawan Family  Kaskinampo Kichai  Kickapoo  Kiowa  Kiowa Apache  Koasati  Koroa  Lipan  Manso  Miami  Michigamea  Missouri  Modoc  Mosopelea  Mugulasha  Munsee  Muskogee  Nabedache  Nacisi  Nacogdoche  Nanatsoho Natchez  Nez Percé  Natchitoch  Natchitoches Confederacy  Ofo  Okelousa  Opelousa  Osage  Oto  Ottawa  Ouachita  Pascagoula  Patiri  Pawnee  Peoria  Pinkashaw  Ponca  Potawatomi  Pueblos  Quapaw  Quinipissa  Sauk  Seminole  Seneca  Shawnee  Soacatino  Souchitioni  Taensa  Tangipahoa  Tawakoni  Tawasa  Tawehash  Tonkawa  Tunica  Tuskegee  Waco  Washa  Wea  Wichita  Wyandot  Yscanis  Yatasi  Yazoo  Yojuane  Yscani  Yuchi

Mountain

Includes the Following States

Colorado | Idaho | Montana | Utah | Wyoming

Includes the Following Indian Tribes

Apache  Arapaho  Arikara  Assiniboin  Atsina  Bannock  Blackfeet (Siksika) Cheyenne  Chippewa  Comanche  Cree  Crow  Dakota  Jicarilla  Kiowa  Kiowa Apache  Kutenai  Mandan  Nez Percé  Navaho  Paiute  Paloos  Pawnee  Piegan  Pueblos  Salish  Shoshonean Family  Shoshoni   Siksika (Blackfeet)  Spokan  Ute Yampa

Southwest

Includes the Following States

Arizona | Nevada | New Mexico

Includes the Following Native American Tribes

Apache   Awatobi  Chemehuevi  Coahuiltec  Cocopa  Comanche   Havasupai  Hopi   Jemez  Keresan Family  Kiowa  Kiowa Apache  Lipan  Manso   Maricopa  Mohave   Navaho  Paiute  Papago  Panamint  Pecos  Pima  Pueblo  Pinal Pueblos  Coyotero  Piro Pueblo  Quahatika  Shoshonean Family  Shoshoni  Sobaipuri Tano Pueblo  Tewa Pueblos  Tigua Pueblo Tonto  Ute  Walapai  Washo  Yavapai  Yuma  Yuman  Zuñi

Northwest

Includes the Following States

Oregon | Washington

Includes the Following Indian Tribes

Ahantchuyuk  Alsea  Atfalati  Athapascan Family  Bannock  Chakankni Calapooya  Calapuya  Cathlamet  Cathlacomatup  Cathlacumup  Cathlakaheckit  Cathlamet Cathlanahquiah  Cathlapotle  Cathlathlalas Cayuse  Chasta Chaui Chehalis  Chastacosta  Chasta-Soton  Chaushila  Chelamela  Chelamela  Chepenafa  Chetco  Chilluckkittequaw  Chilliwack  Chimakum  Chimakuan Family  Chinook  Chinookan Family  Clackama  Clallam  Clatsop  Colville  Columbians  Cowichan  Cowlitz  Dakubetede  Dwamish  Hanis  Hoh  Humptulips  Kalapooian Family  Kalispel  Klallam  Klamath  Klickitat  Kosotshe  Kuitsh   Kusan  Kwaiailk  Kwalhioqua  Lakmiut  Lohim  Lummi  Lutuamian Family  Makah  Methow  Mishikhwutmetunne  Modoc  Molala  Muckleshoot  Multnomah  Naltunnetunne  Neketemeuk  Nemalquinner  Nespelem  Nez Percé  Nisqualli  Nooksack  Ntlakyapamuk  Okanagon  Paiute  Paloos  Palouse  Pshwanwapam  Puyallup  Queets  Quileute  Quinaielt  Quinault  Salish  Salish Family  Samish  Sanpoil  Santiam  Satsop  Semiahmoo  Senijextee  Shasta  Shahala Shahaptian Family  Shoshonean Family  Shoshoni  Siletz  Sinkakaius  Sinkiuse  Siuslaw  Skaddal  Skagit  Skilloot  Snake  Snohomish  Snoqualmie  Squaxon  Stehtsasamish  Stillaquamish  Suquamish  Swallah/Swalash  Swinomish  Taidhapam  Takelma  Taltushtuntude  Tenino  Tillamook  Tulalip  Tutuni  Twana  Tyigh  Umatilla  Umpqua  Walla Walla  Walpapi  Wanapam   Wasco  Watlala  Wauyukma  Wenatchee  Wishram  Wynoochee  Yahuskin  Yakima  Yakonan  Yamel  Yaquina  Yonkalla

California

California

Includes the Following Native American Tribes

Achomawi   Atsugewi  Awani  Cahita  Cahuilla  Cajuenche  Chemehuevi  Chetco  Chilula  Chimariko   Chumash  Chumash Family  Coanopa  Cochimi  Cochiti   Copehan Family Costanoan Family  Cuñeil  Cupeño  Dakubetede  Diegueño  Esselen  Fernandeño  Halchidhoma  Huchnon  Hupa  Juaneño Kamia  Karok  Kato  Kawaiisu  Kawia  Kawia(2)  Kitanemuk  Konomihu  Koso  Koyeti  Lassik  Luiseño  Maidu  Mariposan Family Mattole  Mission Indians  Miwok  Modoc  Mohave  Mono  Mono-Paviotso  Nongatl  Nooksak  Okwanuchu  Paiute   Patwin  Pomo  Salinan  Serrano  Shasta  Shastan Family  Shoshonean Family  Shoshoni Tachi Tolowa  Tübatulabal  Wailaki  Wappo  Washo  Watok Whilkut  Wintu  Wintun  Wiyot/Wiyat  Yahi  Yana  Yodok  Yokuts  Yuki  Yuman  Yurok

Some Canadian Tribes

Includes the Following Indian Tribes

Algonkin  Arapaho  Assiniboin  Atsina  Bellabella  Bellacoola  Beothuk Family
Chilliwack  Chippewa  Cowichan  Cree  Crow  Dakota  Etchaottine  Etchareottine  Etheneldeli Haida  Hidatsa  Huron  Iroquois  Kawchodinne  Kitksan  Kutchin  Kutenai  Kwakiutl  Lillooet  Malecite  Micmac  Montagnais  Moravians  Munsee Nahane  Nakotchokutchin  Nanaimo  Neutral   Nooksak  Nootka  Ntlakyapamuk  Okanagon  Onondaga  Ottawa  Passamaquoddy  Puntlatsh  Seechelt  Sekani  Senijextee  Shuswap  Siksika  Songish  Squawmish  Tahltan  Tatlitkutchin  Tatsanottine  Thlingchadinne  Tionontati  Tsattine  Tschantoga  Tsilkotin  Tsimshian  Tukkuthkutchin Tutchonekutchin

Notes About the Book:

Source: The Indian Tribes of North America, by John R. Swanton, 1953, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 145, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC.

Online Publication: The manuscript was scanned and then ocr'd. Minimal editing has been done, and readers can and should expect some errors in the textual output.

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