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Naturalizations

The Naturalization Act of 1802 established the three-part naturalization process which remains in effect today. Aliens must declare their intention to become a citizen, observe a required residence period, and then petition an authorized court for admission to citizenship. In character, this process is both judicial (occurring before and by order of a court) and administrative (being under the supervision of the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service of the Department of Justice).

Initially, the alien files a Declaration of Intention with an authorized court, indicating his or her intention to become a citizen, to renounce all allegiance to any foreign state, and to renounce any foreign title or order of nobility. Then, at least two years after making this declaration (but, after 1906, no more than seven years later), an alien who has been a resident of the United States for at least five years may petition the court for admission to citizenship (since 1941, the requirements to file a Declaration of Intention has been abolished and the residency record shortened for the spouses of citizens). This Petition includes both the applicant’s oath and the affidavits of two witnesses who attest to the residency and good character of the petitioner. Finally, if the petition is accepted, the court issues an order admitting the individual to citizenship.

Books and Research Guides
- Guide to Naturalization Records in the United States (hosted at Genealogical.com)
- Getting Your Ancestor's Papers from Immigration and Naturalization Service
- Women and Naturalization, 1802-1940 (hosted at National Archives)
- Requesting your Ancestor's Naturalization Records
Ancestry.com
- Alien Registration Records
- Naturalization Ancestry Message Board
- Naturalization and Ships Records Ancestry Message Board
Alabama
- Alabama Archives
  P.O. Box 300100
  624 Washington Ave.
  Montgomery, AL 36130--100
  Mark.Palmer@archives.alabama.gov
- Alabama Genealogy Society, Inc.
  Samford University Library
  AGS Depository and Headquarters
  800 Lakeshore Drive
  P.O. Box 2296
  Birmingham, AL 35229-0001
Birmingham Public Library
- Surname Index, Jefferson County, AL, Naturalization Records
Madison County Records Center
- Naturalization Records, 1818-1846
- Naturalization Certificates, 1847-1906
Arkansas
- History Commission
  One Capitol Mall,
  Little Rock, AR 77201
  Phone: (501) 682-6900
  E-mail: state.archives@arkansas.gov
- Randolph County Arkansas Pages of Interest
  - Declared Intention, Pocahontas Arkansas
California
- Southern California Naturalizations
  This document contains information pertaining to Naturalization Petitions for the Southern District of California for the years of 1887-1940.
- State Archives
  1020 "O" Street, Sacramento, CA 95814
  Phone: Reference Desk: (916) 653-2246
  Phone: General Information: (916) 653-7715
  Fax: (916) 653-7363
  E-mail: ArchivesWeb@ss.ca.gov
- Finley-McFarling Family History
  - Naturalization Records, Sonoma County, California, 1841-1906
    - A B C D E F G H I-J K L M N-O P-Q R S T U-V W Y-Z
  - Volume II
    - A-B C D-F G-H I-K L-M N-Q R S T-V W-Z
- Naturalized Citizens Index, Santa Barbara, California
  - A-B C-F G H-I J-N O-R S-Z
- Madera County Naturalization Records (hosted at CAGenWeb)
  - Declarations of Intent
  - Petitions for Citizenship
Colorado
- Colorado State Archives
  1313 Sherman, Room 1B20
  Denver, CO 80203
  (303) 866-2257
  - Naturalization Records
- Foothills Genealogical Society
  - Denver District Federal Court, Naturalizations & Declarations of Intention, 1877-1929
  - Douglas County History Research Center
    - Douglas County Index of Declaration of Intention, 1871-1938
  - Huerfano County, Colorado (Part of the COGenWeb)
    - Huerfano County, Colorado, Naturalizations, 1882-1929
  - Center for Southwest Studies
    - La Plata County, Durango, Colorado Naturalization Records, 1882-1921
  - Mineral County Resources (hosted at Mineral County Genealogy Co-op)
    - Declarations of Intention, 1893-1905
    - Final Papers, 1893-1905
  - Rio Grande County Resources (hosted at Rio Grande County Genealogy Co-op)
    - Declarations of Intention, 1881-1904
    - Final Papers, 1881-1904
  - Naturalization Records of Summit County, Colorado, 1881-1919 (hosted at Ghostseekers)
  - Weld County Genealogical Society, (Part of the COGenWeb)
    - Naturalization Index Cards
Connecticut
- Connecticut State Library
  - Research Guide to Naturalization Records
  - Index to New England Naturalization Petitions
- Connecticut Naturalization Petitions (hosted at Sampubco)
  - New Haven
    - Old Declarations of Intent
      - A-Z
    - Old Petitions
      - A-Z
Delaware
- Delaware Public Archives
Idaho
- Idaho
  State Historical Society Library & Archives
  Public Archives and Research Library,
  2205 Old Penitentiary Road,
  Boise, ID 83712
  Phone: History & Genealogy: (208) 334-3356
  Phone: Archives: (208) 334-2620
  Email: sbarrett@ishs.state.id.us
  - Naturalization Records
    - Naturalization Index
- Idaho Declarations and Naturalization Petitions (hosted at Sampubco)
  - Boise Naturalization Petitions
    - A-Z
- Franklin County, Idaho (Part of the IDGenWeb)
  - Franklin County, Idaho Declaration of Intention Index, 1913-1928
- Oneida County, Idaho (Part of the IDGenWeb)
  - Naturalization Records
Illinois
- State Archives
  Norton Building,
  Capitol Complex,
  Springfield, IL 62756
  Phone: (217) 782-4682
  Fax: (217) 524-3930
  - Naturalization Papers Index, 1872-1906
  - East St. Louis, City Court Naturalization Papers Index, 1874-1906
- Clinton County Illinois Naturalizations (Part of ILGenWeb)
- DuPage County Genealogical Society
  - Naturalization Index
- Naturalization Papers, 1863-1905 (hosted at Yesterdays of Hamilton County, IL)
- Iroquois County, IL, Index of Petitions for Naturalization, 1867-1931 (hosted at Iroquois County Genealogical Society)
- Iroquois County, Naturalized Citizens (hosted at Iroquois County Genealogical Society)
- Jefferson County, Illinois, Declarations of Intent (Part of ILGenWeb)
- Macoupin County, Illinois Naturalization Records (Part of ILGenWeb)
- McLean County Circuit Clerk, Immigration Records
- Morgan County, Illinois Naturalization Records (Part of ILGenWeb)
- St. Clair County, Naturalization Records, 1838-1844 (hosted at Illinois Trails)
- St. Clair County Applications for Citizenship (hosted at Illinois Trails)
- Saline County, Illinois Declaration of Intention (Part of ILGenWeb)
- Sangamon County, Illinois Naturalization Records, 1862-1864 (Part of ILGenWeb)
Indiana
- State Archives
  6440 East 30th Street,
  Indianapolis, Indiana 46219
  Phone: (317) 591-5222
  Fax: (317) 591-5324
  E-mail: arc@icpr.in.gov
- Indiana Commission of Public Records
  - Naturalization Database Search (many Counties)
- Anderson Public Library
  - Madison County, Naturalization Records
- Franklin County Indiana Naturalization Records, 1826-1839
- Howard County, Indiana Naturalization Records (Part of the INGenWeb)
- Kokomo-Howard County Public Library
- Jefferson County Alien and Citizenship Records, 1819-1848 (hosted at My Indiana Home)
- Orange County, Indiana Naturalization Records, 1840-1905 (Part of the INGenWeb)
Iowa
- National Archives, Central Plains
  - Name Index to Naturalizations for Northern District of Iowa (1942-1961)
  - Name Index to Naturalizations for District of Iowa (1840-1888)
  - Name Index to Naturalizations for Southern District of Iowa (1930-1951
  - Name Index to Naturalizations for Southern District of Iowa, 1916-1951
- State Library of Iowa
  Ola Babcock Miller Building,
  1112 E. Grand Ave.,
  Des Moines, IA 50319-0233
  Phone: (515) 281-4105 or 1 (800) 248-4483
  Fax: (515) 281-6191
  E-mail: carol.simmons@lib.state.ia.us
- Iowa Declarations and Naturalization Petitions (hosted at Sampubco)
- Allamakee County Naturalization Petitions
  - A-Z
- Jackson County Declarations of Intent, 1906
  - A-Z
  - Naturalization Petitions, 1906
    - A-Z
- Jasper County, Iowa Naturalization Record, 1887-1895 (Part of the IAGenWeb)
- Linn County, Iowa Court Records, Naturalizations A-Z (Part of the IAGenWeb)
Kansas
- National Archives, Central Plains
  - Fort Scott Naturalizations
  - Kansas City Naturalizations
  - Topeka Declarations, 1852-1942
  - Topeka Overseas Naturalizations
  - Topeka Petitions, 1868-1984
- Osage County Genealogy Society
  - Index of Petitions for Naturalization, Osage County, Kansas Courthouse
Kentucky
- Pendleton County Naturalization Records (Part of AHGP and ALHN)
Louisiana
- Louisiana City Archives & Special Collections
  - Guide to Naturalization Records
Maine
- Maine Naturalization Petitions Index (hosted at Sampubco)
  - Cornwall County (absorbed into several counties)
    - Old Declarations of Intent
      - A-Z
Maryland
- Maryland Naturalization Records 1906-1930
  This database contains records of Maryland declarations of intention, petitions for naturalization, oaths of allegiance, and occasionally supporting documents such as certificates of arrival.
- Maryland State Archives
  - Naturalization
Massachusetts
- Massachusetts Declarations Naturalization Petitions (hosted at Sampubco)
  - Boston
    - A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X-Y Z
- Worcester County, Declarations of Intent 1906-1907
  - A-Z
Michigan
- Archives of Michigan Naturalization Record Indexes
- Iosco County, Michigan Naturalization Index, 1885-1910 $ Ancestry.com
- Michigan Eastern district Naturalizations $ Ancestry.com
- Tuscola County Naturalization Records (Part of AHGP and ALHN)
Minnesota
- National Archives, Central Plains
  - St. Paul Name Index, Naturalization Records, 1859-1916
  - Minneapolis Naturalizations, 1890-1965 (Part 1)
  - Minneapolis Naturalizations, 1890-1965 (Part 2)
  - Winona Naturalizations, Name Index to Petitions and Declarations of Intent, 1895-1924
- University of Minnesota
  - Immigration History Research Center
- Minnesota Naturalization Records Index, 1854-1957 $ Ancestry.com
Missouri
- National Archives, Central Plains
  - Cape Girardeau Petitions, Name Index to Naturalization petitions, 1908-1979
  - Hannibal Petitions, Name Index to Naturalization petitions, 1907-1973
  - Jefferson City Petitions Name Index to Naturalization petitions, 1938-1982
  - Joplin Petitions, Name Index to Naturalization petitions, 1931-1969
  - St. Joseph Petitions, Name Index to Naturalization petitions, 1908-1976
  - St. Louis, Name Index to Naturalizations, US Circuit and US District Courts, Eastern District of Missouri, 1846-1890
- Missouri State Archives
  - Naturalization Records, 1816-1955
- Missouri Declarations Naturalization Petitions (hosted at Sampubco)
  - St. Joseph US District Courts
    - Certificates of Citizenship
- US District Court, Eastern Division, Declarations of Intent (hosted at St. Louis County Library)
  - St Louis (before1906)
    - A-G H-Q R-Z
  - US Circuit Court Declarations of Intention
    - A-C D-G H-L M N-R S-Z
  - US District Court Declarations of Intention
    - Volumes 1-82
  - US Circuit Court
    - Volumes 5-21
      - Proof of Declarations of Intention
        
        A-B C-E F-G H-N O-Z
  - Naturalization Index
  - Stubs from Naturalization Certificates
    - Roll 91
    - Roll 92
    - Roll 93
    - Roll 94
    - Roll 95
    - Roll 96-99
      - A-G
      - H-O
      - P-Z
- Chariton County Naturalization Records (Part of the MOGenWeb)
- Green County Naturalization Records (hosted at Ozarks Digital Library)
- Perry County, Missouri Naturalization Records (Part of the MOGenWeb)
- St. Charles County Naturalization Records (hosted at St. Charles County Historical Society)
Nebraska
- National Archives, Central Plains
  - Name Index to Naturalization Records, Including Declarations and Petitions, US District Court, District of Nebraska, McCook
  - Name Index to Naturalization Records, Including Declarations and Petitions, US District Court, District of Nebraska, Chadron
- Box Butte County Naturalization Records (Part of NEGenWeb)
- Cedar County, Naturalization Index (Part of AHGP)
- Dodge County Naturalization Records (Part of NEGenWeb)
- York County, Nebraska, District Court Records, Intention to Naturalize (Part of NEGenWeb)
New Jersey
- Atlantic County Declarations of Intention (Hosted at Atlantic County Library System)
New Mexico
- New Mexico Naturalization Petitions (hosted at Sampubco)
- Arizona (formed from New Mexico Territory)
- Santa Ana
  - Sandoval, Naturalization Petitions, Post 1906
    - A-Z
New York
- New York Oaths, 1664 (hosted at Genealogy Quest)
- Index to Brooklyn Naturalization Records, Kings County Clerk's Office (hosted at Jewish Genealogical Society, Inc)
  - Search Records
  - 1918 Military Naturalizations
- Albany County Clerk, New York
  - Search Records (Small box on left)
- Westchester County New York Archives
  - Naturalization Records, 1808-1927
    - A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
- Ulster County Clerk Archives Division
  - Records Search
- New York Declarations and Naturalization Index (hosted at Sampubco)
  - Southern District
    - Post 1906 Naturalization Petitions
      - A-Z
  - Allegany County - Old
    - A-Z
  - Declarations of Intention, 1906
    - A-Z
  - Petitions for Naturalization, 1906
    - A-Z
  - Broome County
    - Petitions for Naturalization 1906
      - A-H I-P Q-Z
  - Cattaraugus
    - Petitions for Naturalization, 1906
      - A-D E-K L-P Q-Z
  - Cayuga
    - Petitions for Naturalization, 1906
      - A-B C D-E F-G H-K L-M N-P Q-R S T-Z
  - Chautauqua
    - Petitions for Naturalization, 1906
      - A-K L-Z
  - Chenango
    - Declarations of Intention, 1906
      - A-Z
    - Petitions for Naturalization, 1906
      - A-Z
  - Greene
    - Declarations of Intentions, 1906
      - A-K L-Z
  - Jefferson
    - Declarations of Intentions, 1906
      - A-J | K-Z
  - Wyoming
    - Declarations of Intention 1906
      - A-L M-Z
    - Petitions for Naturalizations, 1906
      - A-L M-Z
North Dakota
- National Archives, Central Plains
  - Name Index to North Dakota Naturalization Records
- State Archives & Historical Research Library
  612 East Boulevard Avenue,
  Bismarck, ND 58505-0830
  Phone: (701) 328-2091
  Fax: (701) 328-2650
  E-mail: archives@state.nd.us
- State Historical Society of North Dakota & Institute for Regional Studies
  - Naturalization Search
- North Dakota Declarations and Naturalization Petitions Index (hosted at Sampubco)
  - Minot
    - Declarations of Intention
      - A-K L-Z
Ohio
- Cuyahoga County, Naturalizations (hosted at Cuyahoga County Ohio, Genealogy and History)
- Lake County Ohio, Naturalization Index for Probate and Common Pleas Courts (hosted at Lake County Genealogical Society)
- Lawrence County Naturalization Records (hosted at The Lawrence Register)
- Miami County, Ohio Genealogical Researchers (Troy Historical Society)
  - Miami County Naturalization Papers, 1860-1872
- Stark County Ohio Naturalization (hosted at Stark County Ohio, Clerk of Courts)
- Summit County Naturalizations (hosted at Summit County Criminal Justice Information System)
- Warren County Naturalizations, 1821-1925 (hosted at Warren County Genealogical Society)
Oregon
- State Archives
  800 Summer Street NE,
  Salem, OR 97310
  Phone: (503) 373-0701
  Fax: (503) 373-0953
  E-mail: reference.archives@state.or.us
  - Naturalization Record List
  - Naturalization Declarations of Intention, 1904-1929 (Several Counties)
- Oregon Declarations and Naturalization Index (hosted at Sampubco)
Pennsylvania
- Chester County Archives & Records Service
- Center County Government
  - Naturalization Records 1802-1929
- Philadelphia Information Locator System
  - Philadelphia Research Guide to Naturalization Records
- Pennsylvania Declarations and Naturalization Index (hosted at Sampubco)
  - Scranton
    - Declarations of Intention
      - A-C D-J K-M N-R S-Z
South Carolina
- Name Index to the Charleston Petitions for Naturalization, 1855-1906 (hosted at Friends of the National Archives)
South Dakota
- National Archives, Central Plains
  - Name Index to Naturalization Records from Dakota Territory and South Dakota
Texas
- Works Progress Administration, Index to Texas Naturalizations, 1846-1939 (hosted Clayton Library Center for Genealogical Research)
- Frio County Texas Naturalization Applications, 1877-1906 (hosted at the Historic District
- Gillespie County Texas Naturalization Records (Part of the TXGenWeb Project)
- Starr County Texas Certificates of Naturalization Declarations
- Williamson County Texas Naturalization Records (hosted at Three Legged Willie)
Utah
- State Archives
  Utah State Archives and Records Service,
  346 S Rio Grande,
  Salt Lake City, UT 84101-1106
  Phone: (801) 531-3848
  Fax: (801) 531-3854
  - Utah Naturalization and Citizenship Records
- Utah Naturalization Declarations of Intention, 1878-1895 $ Ancestry.com
- Wasatch County, Utah Naturalization Record Book, 1896-1906 $ Ancestry.com
- Utah Declarations and Naturalization Petitions Index (hosted at Sampubco)
  - Salt Lake
    - Declarations of Intention 1906
      - A-J K-Z
    - Naturalization Petitions 1906
      - A-K L-Z
Virginia
- Alexandria Library
  - Index to Naturalization Petitions, US District Court, Eastern District of Virginia, Alexandria, 1909-1929
Washington
- Washington Digital Archives Naturalization Search
Wisconsin
- Wisconsin Historical Society
  - Naturalization Records
  - Society Holdings
- University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
  - Guide to Naturalization Records
    - Circuit Court, Ozaukee County, 1842-1906
    - Circuit Court, Sheboygan County, 1851-1982
    - Circuit Court, Washington County, 1845-2963
    - Circuit Court, Waukesha County1847-1955
- Wisconsin Declarations and Naturalization Petitions Index (hosted at Sampubco)
  - Jackson
    - Naturalization Petitions
      - A-Z
  - Waupaca
    - Declarations of Intention
      - A-Z
  - Winnebago
    - Declarations of Intention
      - A-Z
Wyoming
- Laramie County Wyoming Naturalization Records, 1867-1920 $ Ancestry.com
- Sheridan County Wyoming Declarations of Intent (Part of WYGenWeb)
- Sheridan County Citizenship (Part of WYGenWeb)

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