Wishram Indian Tribe
Location
Wishram. From Wu'cxam, the name given them by the Yakima and Klickitat
Indians.
Also called:
E-che-loot, by Lewis and Clark in 1806, from their own name.
Ila'xluit,
their own name and from this called Tlakluit.
Connections
They belonged to the Chinookan stock,
and spoke the same dialect as the Wasco.
Location
On the north side of Columbia River
in Klickitat County.
Villages
Atatathlia itcagitkok, on a small island near Celilo Falls, or more likely
Ten-Mile
Rapids.
Chalaitgelit, a short distance east of The Dalles.
Gawilapchk, a winter
village below The Dalles.
Gawishila, a fishing station above The Dalles.
Hladakhat, about 10 miles below The Dalles.
Hliluseltshlikh, below Big
Eddy.
Kwalasints, opposite The Dalles.
Nayakkhachikh, a winter village below Gawilapchk.
Niukhtash, at Big Eddy.
Shabanahksh, 1 mile below Wishram (?).
Shgwaliksh, perhaps Klickitat, about 12 miles (?) below The Dalles.
Shikeldaptikh, about a half mile below The Dalles. Shkagech, below Crate's
Point.
Shkonana, opposite Crate's Point. Shkukskhat, below The Dalles.
Tsapkhadidlit, a wintering place below Nayakkhachikh.
Waginkhak, below The Dalles and the lowest Tlakluit town on the river.
Wakemap, above Wishram.
Wasnaniks, below Skukskhat.
Wayagwa, above The Dalles, the easternmost town.
Wishram (properly called Nixlúidix'), about 5 miles above The Dalles.
Population
Mooney (1928) estimated that in 1780 there were about 1,500
Wishram, but Spier and Sapir (1930) suggest 1,000 about
1800. The latter figure is the one given by Lewis and Clark in 1806. The
census of 1910 returned 274, and in 1937, under the designation "Upper
Chinook," the United States Office of Indian Affairs gave 124.
Connection in which they have become noted
A town in Klickitat County preserves the name of the
Wishram.
Additional Resources
Notes About the Book:
Source: The Indian Tribes of North America, by John R. Swanton, 1953, Bureau of
American Ethnology, Bulletin 145, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC.
Online Publication: The manuscript was scanned and then ocr'd. Minimal editing
has been done, and readers can and should expect some errors in the textual
output.
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