Most of the tribes listed on this page do not have a
connection to a larger tribe. We list them here so you can find some
information on their history. For a complete listing of our 700 plus
tribes visit Indian History page
Tachi.
One of the larger tribes of the Yokuts (Mariposas) family,
living on the plains north of Tulare lake, south central
California. They held the country west of the Coast range.
Powers puts them on Kings river, near Kingston. According to
Alexander Taylor, members of this tribe were brought to San
Antonio and Dolores (San Francisco) missions as neophytes. Tatché
or Telamé is mentioned by
Shea (preface to Arroyo de la Cuesta's Vocab. of
San Antonio mission) as the name of the tribe speaking
the San Antonio language, a Salinan dialect. These Tatché
and Telamé, however, are the
Tachi and Telalnni who had been taken to the mission, and Taylor
may be correct in giving Sextapay as the name of the tribe, or
more correctly village site, originally at San Antonio. As is
the case with all the Yokuts tribes, only a fragment of the
former number remains; but though reduced to a few dozen
survivors, the Tachi are today among the half-dozen most
numerous tribes left of the original forty or more comprising
the Yokuts stock. Most of the survivors occupy a settlement near
Lemoore, Kings County, California.
Taltushtuntude. An
Athapascan tribe or
band that formerly lived on Galice Creek, Oregon. They
were scattered in the same country as the
Takelma, whom they
had probably overrun. In 1856 they were removed to
Siletz
Reservation, where 18 survived in 1877.
Tenino.
A Shahaptian tribe
formerly occupying the valley of Des Chutes River, Oregon.
The Tenino dialect was spoken on both sides of the Columbia from
The Dalles to the mouth of the Umatilla. In 1855 they
joined in the Wasco treaty and were placed on
Warm
Springs Reservation, since which time they have usually been
called Warm Springs Indians, a term embracing a number of tribes
of other stocks which were included in the treaty. The
present number of Tenino is unknown, but it is probably not more
than 30.
Tillamook
(Chinook; 'people of Nekelim,' or Nehalem. Boas). A large
and prominent Salish
tribe on Tillamook Bay and the rivers flowing into in, in north
west Oregon. According to Boas the culture of the
Tillamook seems to have differed considerably form that of the
north coast Salish, and has evidently been influenced by the
culture of the tribes of North California. According to
Lewis and Clark they occupied 8 villages of which these
explorers name 5; Chishuck, Chucktin, Kilerhurst, Kilherner and
Towerquotton. The same authorities place the Tillamook
population at 2,200. In the reports of the Wilkes Exploring
Expedition (1845) their number is given as 400, and by Lane in
1849 as 200.
Twana.
A Salish division
living along both sides of Hoods canal, west Washington.
The name is said to signify 'a portage,' the portage referred to
being that between the head of Hoods canal and the headwaters of
Puget Sound. According to Eells there are three bands, the
Colcine, Skokomish and Tulalip. From the name of one of
the bands all of them are sometimes called Skokomish.
Population, about 265 in 1853. They are probably the Skokomish
of the Indian Office reports, numbering 203 in 1909.
Tulalip.
One of three divisions of the Twana, a
Salish tribe on the west side of Hood canal, Washington.
This branch according to Eells, lives on a small stream, near
the head of the canal, called Dulaylip. The name has also
been given to a reservation on the west side of Puget Sound.
Tyigh.
A Shahaptian tribe
speaking the Tenino language and formerly occupying the country
about Tygh and White rivers in Wasco County, Oregon. They
took part in the Wasco treaty of 1855 and are now on the
Warm
Springs Reservation, Oregon. Their number is not
reported, as they are classed under the indiscriminate term
"Warm Springs Indians," but in 1854 they were said to number
500, and in 1859, 450.
Umatilla.
A Shahaptian tribe
formerly lining on
Umatilla
Reservation and the adjacent banks of the Columbia in
Oregon. They were included under the Walla Walla by Lewis
and Clark in 1805, though their language is distinct. In 1855
they joined in a treaty with the United States and settled on
the Umatilla Reservation in eastern Oregon. They are said
to number 250, but this figure is doubtful, owing to a mixture
of tribes on the reservation.
Umpqua.
An Athapascan tribe
formerly settled on upper Umpqua river, Oregon, east of the
Katish. Hale (Ethnol. and Philol., 204,
1846) said they were supposed to number not more than
400, having been greatly reduced by disease. They lived in
houses of boards and mats and derived their sustenance mainly
form the river. In 1902 there were 84 on
Grande
Ronde Reservation, Oregon. Their chief village was
Hewut. A part of them, the Nahankhuotana, lived along Cow
Creek. All the Athapascan tribes of south Oregon were once
considered divisions of the Umpqua. Parker
(Jour., 262, 1842) named as divisions the unidentified
Palakahy, the uncertain Skoton and Chasta, and the Chilula and
Kwatami.
Wallawalla
('little river'). A
Shahaptian tribe formerly living on lower Walla Walla river
and along the east bank of the Columbia from Snake river nearly
to the Umatilla in Washington and Oregon. While a distinct
dialect, their language is closely related to the
Nez Percé.
Their number was estimated by Lewis and Clark as 1,600 in 1805,
but it is certain this figure included other bands now
recognized as independent. By treaty of 1855 they were removed
to the
Umatilla Reservation in Oregon, where they are now (1910)
said to number 461, but are much mixed with Nez Percé,
Umatilla, and
Cayuse. In the Wasco treaty of 1855, by which the Warm
Springs Reservation was established, a number of Shahaptian
tribes or bands are mentioned as divisions of the Walla Walla
which had no real connection with that tribe.
Wenatchi
(Yakima; winätshi,
'river issuing from a canyon,' referring to Wenatchee river). A
Salish division, probably a band of the Pisquows, formerly on
Wenatchee river, a tributary of the Columbia in Washington.
In 1850 there were said to have been 50 on Yakima Reservation,
but 66 were enumerated in the Report on Indian Affairs for 1910
as under the Colville agency. It is uncertain whether
these bodies belonged to one original band.
