While we know our northern friends may not feel it, in the South, Spring is
here. So we thought we'd share a few of our gardening sites appropriate
for this time of the year. Along with gardening, there's grilling, and getting
ready to diet so that you can fit back into that bathing suit this summer!
Most of the tribes listed on this page do not have a
connection to a larger tribe. We list them here so you can find some
information on their history. For a complete listing of our 700 plus
tribes visit Indian History page
Ouachita. A former
tribe, apparently Caddoan,
residing on Black or Ouachita river in north east Louisiana.
Bienville in 1700 encountered some of them carrying salt to the
Taensa, with whom he says they were intending to live. Later
he reached the main Ouachita village, which he found to comprise
about 5 houses and to contain about 70 men. It would seem that
the tribe subsequently retired before the
Chickasaw and settled
among the Natchitoch, their identity being soon after lost.
They are not to be confounded with the Wichita.
Okwanuchu. A
small Shasta tribe formerly occupying the upper part of McCloud
river, California as far down as Salt Creek, the upper
Sacramento as far down as Squaw Creek and the valley of the
latter stream. Their language is in part close to that of
the Shasta proper, but it contains a number of totally distinct
words, unlike any other surrounding language.
Panamint. A
Shoshonean division formerly occupying a considerable area in
and around Panamint valley, south east California and extending
south in scattered rancherias toward Mohave river. Henshaw
found a few individuals living at the mining town of Darwin
(Panamint) in 1883, and learned that about 150 still survived,
scattered here and there, in the desert country east of Panamint
valley. It is uncertain whether their affinities are with
the Ute-Chemehuevi or Mono-Paviotso group of Shoshoneans, but
are here placed tentatively with the former. The Matarango
are mentioned as a subdivision.
Paloos (Pä-lus;)
A Shahaptian tribe formerly occupying the valley of Palouse
river in Washington and Idaho, and the north bank of Snake river
as far as its junction with the Columbia. They were found
by Lewis and Clark in 1805 on the Clearwater in Idaho.
Their closest connection was with the kindred
Nez Percé and they still
hold close relations with that tribe. They were included
in the Yakima treaty of 1855, but have never recognized the
treaty obligations an have declined to lead a reservation life.
They have 4 villages, all on Snake river, as follows: Almotu,
Palus, Tasawiks, and Kasispa. They are active adherents of
the Smohalla doctrine. Lewis and Clark estimated their
number in 1805 at 1,600; in 1854 they were said to number 500;
at present the population is unknown.
Patiri. An unidentified tribe given by Morfi (Hist.
Tex. bk. ii, ca. 1781, MS) in his list of Texas tribes.
Putlatsh. A
Salish tribe on Baynes sound and Puntlash river, east coast of
Vancouver Island. In 1893 they numbered 45; in 1896, the
last time their name appears in the Canadian Reports on Indian
Affairs, the "Punt-ledge, Sail-up-Sun, and Comox" numbered 69,
since which time they have apparently been classed with the
Comox. The Puntlatsh dialect embraces the Puntlatsh,
Saamen, and Hawahwatl.
Quahatika. A small Piman tribe, closely allied
to the Pima, of whom they are an offshoot and with whom they still intermarry to
some extent. They live in the desert of south Arizona 50 miles south of the Gila river,
speak a dialect slightly different from that of the Pima, and subsist by
agriculture. They manufacture better pottery than that of their congeners, and
are said to have introduced cattle among the Pima from the Mexicans about 1820.
They formerly made arrows of yucca stalks which they bartered to their
neighbors. It is said that about the beginning of the 18th century the Quahatika
occupied with the Pima the village of Aquitun (Akuchini, 'creek mouth'), west of Picacho, on the border of the sink of Santa Cruz river, but abandoned it about
1800. Their chief settlement is Quijotoa.
Soacatino. A district visited by the troops of Moscoso, of the De Soto expedition, in 1542. It lay west of Mississippi river,
bordering on the Eyeish and Anadarko, probably near the middle course of Red river.
The Spaniards expected to find a large and rich province, but it was a thick
forest, where the people lacked food; hence they abandoned the hope of reaching
Mexico by land and returned to the Mississippi. The natives evidently belonged
to the Caddoan family.
Sutaio (singular, Sǔ'tai; the
several attempted Cheyenne etymologies are of doubtful value, as the word is
probably not of Cheyenne origin). An Algonquian tribe, residing in the 18th
century according to tradition about James river, South Dakota, who were at war
with the Cheyenne, their eastern neighbors to whom they were closely related
linguistically. The tow tribes finally formed an alliance and crossed the
Missouri together to the west, the Sutaio leading the advance. The Sutaio
rapidly declined but kept their separate identity until about the year 1850,
when they were absorbed by the Cheyenne. They exist now only as a division
of that tribe. They are probably identical with the Staitan of Lewis and
Clark.
Winyaw. One of the small tribes living on lower Pedee
river and its tributaries in South Carolina. Of their
language nothing is known, and very little else in recorded
concerning them, as they were never prominent in history.
It is supposed, however, from their associations that they were
of Siouan affinity. They dwelt on the west side of the Pedee
near its mouth about opposite the Waccamaw. The 2 tribes
ere first mentioned in 1715 as being neighbors and as receiving
ammunition from the Cheraw, who attempted to induce them to join
in a league against the English. Gov. Johnson in 1715
reported them as having one village, with a population of 106.
After this they drop from history, becoming extinct as a tribe.
Yustaga. An important tribe in the
16th century, occupying a territory abut the head streams of
Suwannee River, north Florida. De Soto passed through
their country in 1539, and the French Huguenots, who settled at
the mouth of St. Johns River in 1564, also came in contact with
them.
