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New Mexico Indian Tribes

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Apache

Probably from ápachu, "enemy," the Zuni name for the Navaho who were designated "Apaches de Nabaju" by the early Spaniards in New Mexico. The name has also been applied to some Yuman tribes, the Apache Mohave (Yavapai) and the Apache Yuma. See Apache Location

Comanche

In the Spanish period, the Comanche raided into and across the territory of New Mexico repeatedly. (See Texas.)

Jemez

Corrupted from Ha'-mish or Hae'-mish, the Keresan name of the pueblo. Also spelled Amayes, Ameias, Amejes, Emeges, Gemes, etc. See Jemez Locaton

Keresan Pueblos

See Keresan Pueblos

Kiowa

The Kiowa raided into and across New Mexico in the Spanish and early American period. (See Oklahoma.)

Kiowa Apache

The Kiowa Apache were an Athapascan tribe incorporated into and accompanying the Kiowa. (See Oklahoma.)

Lipan

The Lipan were the easternmost of the Apache tribes. (See Apache and also Texas.)

Manso

A Spanish word meaning "mild."

Also called:
   Gorretas, by Zarate-Salmeron.
   Lanos, by Perea (1632-33).

Connections. The Manso belonged to the Tanoan division of the Kiowa-Tanoan linguistic stock.

Location. About Mesilla Valley, in the vicinity of the present Las Cruces, N. Mex.

The mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de los Mansos was founded among them but none of the native names of their villages are known.

 History. Shortly before the appearance of the Spaniards in their country, the Manso lived in substantial houses like the Pueblo Indians generally but changed these to dwellings of reeds and wood. They were relocated at a spot near El Paso in 1659 by Fray Garcia de San Francisco, who established the above-mentioned mission among them. The remnant of the Manso are now associated in one town with the Tiwa and Piro.

 Population. In 1668, when the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de los Mansos was dedicated, Vetancourt states that it contained upward of 1,000 parishioners. Very few of Manso blood remain.

Navaho

See Navaho

Pecos

From P'e'-a-ku', the Keresan name of the pueblo. See Pecos Location

Piro Pueblos

Significance of Piro unknown. See Piro Pueblos Location

Pueblo Indians

A general name for those Indians in the Southwest who dwelt in stone buildings as opposed to the tribes living in more fragile shelters, pueblo being the word for "town" or "village" in Spanish. It is not a tribal or even a stock name, since the Pueblos belonged to four distinct stocks. Following is the classification of Pueblos made by F. W. Hodge (1910) except that the Kiowa have since been connected with the Tanoans and a few minor changes have been introduced. See Pueblo Indian Location

Shuman

The Shuman lived at various times in or near the southern and eastern borders of New Mexico. (See Texas.)

Tewa Pueblos

See Tewa Pueblos

Tiwa Pueblos

The name Tiwa is from Ti'wan, pl. Tiwesh', their own name. See Tiwa Pueblo Location

Ute

The Ute were close to the northern border of New Mexico, extending across it at times and frequently raiding the tribes of the region and the later white settlements. (See Utah.)

Zuñi

See Zuñi

Additional Resources


Notes About the Book:

Source: The Indian Tribes of North America, by John R. Swanton, 1953, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 145, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC.

Online Publication: The manuscript was scanned and then ocr'd. Minimal editing has been done, and readers can and should expect some errors in the textual output.

 

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