Wah-Zee-Yah Another of the Great Gods of the
Dahcotah
Wah-Zee-Yah had a son who was
killed by Etokah Wachastah, Man of the South. Wah-zee-yah is the
god of the winter, and Etokah Wachastah is the god of the
summer. When there is a cold spell early in the warm weather,
the Dahcotahs say Wah-zee-yah is looking back. When the son of
Wah-zee-yah was killed, there were six on each side; the Beings
of the south were too strong for those of the north, and
conquered them. When the battle was over, a fox was seen running
off with one of the Beings of the north.
These gods of the Dahcotahs are said to be inferior to the
Great Spirit; but if an Indian wants to perform a deed of valor,
he prays to Haokah the Giant. When they are in trouble, or in
fear of anything, they pray to the Great Spirit. You frequently
see a pole with a deer-skin, or a blanket hung to it; these are
offerings made to the Great Spirit, to propitiate him. White
Dog, who lives near Fort Snelling, says he has often prayed to
the Great Spirit to keep him from sin, and to enable him and his
family to do right. When he wishes to make an offering to the
Great Spirit, he takes a scarlet blanket, and paints a circle of
blue in the centre, (blue is an emblem of peace,) and puts ten
bells, or silver brooches to it. This offering costs him $20.
Christians are too apt to give less liberally to the true God.
When White Dog goes to war, he makes this offering.
White Dog says he never saw the giant, but that "Iron
Members," who died last summer, saw one of the giants several
years ago.
Iron Members was going hunting, and when he was near
Shah-co-pee's village, he met the Giant. He wore a
three-cornered hat, and one side was bright as the sun; so
bright one could not look upon it; and he had a crooked thing
upon his shoulder.
Iron Members was on a hill; near which was a deep ravine,
when suddenly his eye rested upon something so bright that it
pained him to look at it. He looked down the ravine and there
stood the Giant. Notwithstanding his position, his head reached
to the top of the trees. The Giant was going northwards, and did
not notice the Indian or stop; he says he watched the Giant;
and, as he went forward, the trees and bushes seemed to make way
for him. The visit was one of good luck, the Indians say, for
there was excellent hunting that season.
The Dahcotahs believe firmly the story of Iron Members. He
was one of their wisest men. He was a great warrior and knew how
to kill his enemies. White Dog says that at night, when they
were on a war party,Iron Members would extinguish all the fires
of the Dahcotahs, and then direct his men where to find the
Chippeways. He would take a spoonful of sugar, and the same
quantity of whiskey, and make an offering to the spirits of
their enemies; he would sing to them, and charm them so that
they would come up so close to him that he would knock them on
the head with his rattle, and kill them. These spirits approach
in the form of a bear. After this is done, they soon find their
enemies and conquer them.
The Dahcotahs think their medicine possesses supernatural
powers; they burn incense, leaves of the white cedar tree, in
order to destroy the supernatural powers of a person who
dislikes them. They consider the burning of incense a preventive
of evil, and believe it wards off danger from lightning. They
say that the cedar tree is wahkun (spiritual) and on that
account they burn its leaves to ward off danger. The temple of
Solomon was built of cedar.
Unktahe, the god of the waters, is much reverenced by the
Dahcotahs. Morgan's bluff, near Fort Snelling, is called "God's
house" by the Dahcotahs; they say it is the residence of Unktahe,
and under the hill is a subterranean passage, through which they
say the water-god passes when he enters the St. Peter's. He is
said to be as large as a white man's house.
Near Lac qui parle is a hill called "the Giant's house." On
one occasion the Rev. Mr. was walking with a Dahcotah, and as
they approached this hill the Dahcotah exclaimed, "Do you not
see him, there he is." And although no one else saw the Giant,
he persisted in watching him for a few moments as he passed over
the hill.
Near Lac qui parle, is living an old Dahcotah woman of a
singular appearance. Her face is very black, and her hair singed
and faded-looking. She was asked by a stranger to account for
her singular appearance. "I dreamed of the Giant," she said;
"and I was frightened when I woke; and I told my husband that I
would give a dance to the Giant to propitiate him; but my
husband said that I was not able to go through the Giant's
dance; that I would only fail, and bring disgrace upon him and
all my family. The Giant was very angry with me, and punished me
by burning my face black, and my hair as you see it." Her
husband might well fear that she would not be able to perform
this dance.
It would be impossible to give any idea of the number of
the gods of the Dahcotahs. All nature is animated with them;
every mountain, every tree, is worshipped, as among the Greeks
of old, and again, like the Egyptians, the commonest animals are
the objects of their adoration.
May the time soon come when they will acknowledge but one
God, the Creator of the Earth and Heaven, the Sovereign of the
universe!
Source: Dahcotah, Or Life and Legends of the
Sioux around Ft. Snelling, Mary H. Eastman,
1849
Online Publication: The manuscript was scanned and
then ocr'd. Minimal editing has been done, and readers can and should expect
some errors in the textual output.
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