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Walapai Indian Tribe
Walapai. From the native
word Xawálapáiy',
"pine-tree folk" (fide J. P. Harrington. Also called:
E-pa, by A. Hrdlička
(information, 1906), given as their own name.
Gualiba, by Garcés in 1776
(Diary, p. 404, 1900); Yavapai name.
Hawálapai, by Curtis (1907-9,
vol. 2, p. 116).
Jaguallapai, by Garces in 1776 (Diary, p. 308, 1900).
Matávĕkĕ-Paya,
by Corbusier MS. p. 27. Meaning "people to the north"(?) Yavapai
name.
Oohp, by Ten Kate (1885, p. 160), Pima name.
Páxuádo
ameti, by Gatschet (1886, p. 86), meaning "people far down the
river," Yavapai name.
Setá Kóxninăme,
by Ten Kate (1884, p. 9), Hopi name.
Täbkĕpáya—Gatschet
(1883, p. 124), Yavapai name; abbreviated from
Matávĕkĕ-Paya.
Tiqui-Llapais, by Domenech (1860, vol. 1, p. 444). |
Connections. The Walapai
belonged to the Yuman branch of the Hokan linguistic stock and were
connected especially closely with the Havasupai, the Yavapai apparently
standing next.
Location. On the middle
course of the Colorado River, above the Mohave Indians, between Sacramento
Wash and National Canyon and inland, extending south almost to Bill
Williams Fork.
Subdivisions and Villages
Kroeber and his collaborators give the following:
A. Mata'va-kopai (north people) (the northwestern
division). Villages: Had-ū'-ba, Hai'ya,
Hathekáva-kió,
Huwuskót, Kahwága,
Kwa'thekithe'i'ta, Mati'bika,
Tanyika";
B. Soto'lve-kopai (west people) (the Cerbat Mountains and the
country west to the Colorado). Villages: Chimethi'ap, Ha-kamuê",
Háka-tovahádja,
Hamté", Ha'thewelī'-kio',
Ivthī'ya-tanakwe, Kenyuā'tci,
Kwatehá, Nyi'ī'ta,
Quwī'-nye-há,
Thawinúya, Waika'ī'la,
Wa-nye-ha', Wi'ka-tavata'va, Wi-kawea'ta, Winya'-ke-tawasa, Wiyakana'mo;
C. Ko'o'u-kopai (mesa people) (north central section) .—Villages:
Crozier (American name), Djiwa'ldja, Hak-tala'kava, Haktutu'deva, Hê'1,
Katha't-nye-ha', Muketega'de, Qwa'ga-we', Sewi", Taki'otha'wa, Wi-kanyo";
D. Nyav-kopai (east people) (east of the point where Truxton Canyon
begins to cut its way down to Hualpai Valley).—Villages: Agwa'da,
Ha'ke-takwī'va, Haksa", Hā'nya-djiluwa'ya,
Tha've-nalnalwi'dje, Wiwakwa'ga, Yiga't;
E. Hakia' tce-pai (?) or Talta'l-kuwa (cane?) (about the Mohon
Mountains).—Villages: Hakeskia'l, Hakia'ch, Ka'nyu'tekwa',
Tha'va-ka-lavala'va, Wi-ka-tāva,
Witevikivol, Witkitana'kwa;
F. Kwe'va-kopai (south people).—Villages: Chivekaha', Djimwā'nsevio",
Ha-djiluwa'ya, Hapu'k, Kwakwa', Kwal-hwa'ta, Kwatha'wa, Tak-mi'nva;
G. Hua'la-pai, Howa'laa-pai (pine people) (at the
northern end of the Hualpai
Mountains, extending in a rough half-circle from east to west.)—Villages:
Hake-djeka'dja, Ilwi'-nya-ha', Kahwa't, Tak-tada'pa.
History. It is possible
that some of the Walapai were encountered by Hernando de Alarcon in 1540,
and at any rate Marcos Farfan de los Godos met them in 1598, and Francisco
Games in 1776. Their history since that time has been little different
from that of the other Yuman tribes of the region.
Population. Mooney (1928)
estimates that there were 700 Walapai in 1680, but estimates of native
informants regarded by Kroeber and his associates as reliable would give a
population of more than 1,000 previous to 1880. There were 728 in 1889;
631 in 1897; 501 in 1910, according to the census of that year; 440 in
1923; and 449 in 1932; 454 in 1937. (See Havasupai.)
Indian
Genealogy
Additional Arizona Indian Resources
Notes About the Book:
Source: The Indian Tribes of North America, John R. Swanton, 1953
Online Publication: The manuscript was scanned and
then ocr'd. Minimal editing has been done, and readers can and should expect
some errors in the textual output.
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