Papago Indian Tribe
Location
Papago. Signifying "bean
people," from the native words paphh, "beans," and
óotam, "people." Also called:
Saikinne, Si'-ke-na, Apache name for Pima, Papago, and Maricopa.
Táh'ba, Yavapai name.
Teχpamais, Maricopa name.
Tóno-oōhtam,
own name, signifying "people of the desert."
Vidshi itikapa, Tonto name.
Connections
The Papago belong to the Piman branch of the Uto-Aztecan linguistic stock and stand
very close to the Pima.
Location
In the territory south and
southeast of the Gila River, especially south of Tucson; in the main and
tributary valleys of the Santa Cruz River; and extending west and southwest
across the desert waste known as the Papaguerfa, into Sonora, Mexico.
Subdivisions and Villages
Acachin, location uncertain.
Alcalde, probably in Pima County.
Ana, probably in Pima County.
Anicam, probably in Pima County.
Areitorae, south of Sonorita, Sonora, Mexico.
Ati, on the west bank of Rio Altar, between Uquitoa and Tubutama,
just south
of the Arizona boundary.
Babasaqui, probably Papago, 3 miles above Imuris, between Cocospera
and
Magdalena, Sonora, Mexico.
Bacapa, in northwestern Sonora, Mexico, slightly southeast of
Carrizal.
Baipia, slightly northwest of Caborca, probably on the Rio Altar,
northwestern Sonora, Mexico.
Bajfo, location uncertain.
Batequi, east of the Rio Altar in northwestern Sonora, Mexico.
Boca del Arroyo, probably in Pima County.
Caborica, on the Gila River.
Caca Chimir, probably in Pima County.
Cahuabi, in Arizona near the Sonora border.
Canoa, between Tubac and San Xavier del Bac, on Rio Santa Cruz.
Casca, probably in Pima County.
Charco, probably identical with Chioro.
Chiora, probably in Pima County.
Chuba, location uncertain.
Coca, location uncertain.
Comohuabi, in Arizona on the border of Sonora, Mexico.
Cops, west of the Rio San Pedro, probably in the vicinity of the
present Arivaca,
southwest of Tubac.
Cubac, in the neighborhood of San Francisco Atí,
west from the present Tucson.
Cuitoat, between San Xavier del Bac and the Gila River.
Cujant, in northwest Sonora, between the mouth of the Rio Gila and
Sonorita. Cumaro, southern Arizona near the Sonora border.
Elogio, probably in Pima County.
Fresnal, probably in Pima County.
Guadalupe, about 10 leagues south of Areitorae.
Gubo, probably Papago, 13 leagues east of Sonorita, just below the
Arizona
boundary.
Guitciabaqui, on the west bank of the Santa Cruz River, near the
present Tucson.
Juajona, near San Xavier del Bac, southern Arizona.
Junostaca, near San Xavier del Bac.
Macombo, probably in Pima County.
Mata, probably Papago, north of Caborica. Mesquite, probably in Pima
County.
Milpais, location uncertain.
Nariz, probably in Pima County.
Oapars, in Arizona between San Xavier del Bac and the Gila River.
Ocaboa, location uncertain.
Oisur, on the Santa Cruz River, 5 or 6 leagues north of San Xavier
del Bac,
southern Arizona.
Onia, probably in Pima County.
Ooltan, in northwest Sonora, Mexico, 3 leagues northwest of Busanic.
Otean, location uncertain.
Perigua, Arizona, south of the Gila River.
Perinimo, probably in Pima County.
Piato, probably the same as Soba, in the region of Tubutama and
Caborica, Sonora, Mexico.
Pitic, on the Rio Altar, northwest Sonora.
Poso Blanco, in Arizona south of the Gila River.
Poso Verde, south of the Arizona-Sonora boundary, opposite Oro
Blanco, Ariz.
Purificación,
probably Papago, near the Arizona-Sonora boundary, 12 leagues from
Agua Escondida, probably in a southeasterly direction.
Quitovaquita, on the headwaters of Rio Salado of Sonora, near the
Arizona-Sonora boundary line.
Raton, location uncertain.
San Bonifacio, probably Papago, south of the Gila River between San
Angelo and San Francisco, in the present Arizona.
San Cosme, probably Papago, directly north of San Xavier del Bac, on
the Santa Cruz River, Ariz.
San Ignacio, with Pima, on the north bank of Rio San Ignacio,
latitude 30°45' N., longitude 111° W., Sonora, Mexico.
San Ildefonso, 4 leagues northwest of Caborica, Sonora, Mexico.
San Lazaro, probably Papago, on the Rio Santa Cruz in longitude
110°30' W., just below the Arizona-Sonora boundary.
San Luis Babi, in northwest Sonora, Mexico, between Busanic and
Cocospera. San Martin, probably Papago, on the Gila River, west of
the Great Bend of the Colorado.
San Rafael, in southern Arizona near the headwaters of the Rio
Salado of Sonora.
Santa Barbara, probably Papago, 4 miles southwest
of Busanic, near the head-waters of the north branch of the Rio
Altar, in Sonora, Mexico.
Santa Rosa, south of the Gila River and west of Tucson.
Saris, probably Papago, on the west bank of Rio Altar, in northern
Sonora, Mexico.
Saucita, in southern Arizona.
Shuuk, or Pima, on the Gila River Reservation, southern Arizona.
Sierra Blanca, probably in Pima County.
Soba, a large body of Papago, including the villages of Carborica,
Batequi, Mata, Pitic, and San Ildefonso.
Sonoita, on the headwaters of the Rio Salado of Sonora, just below
the Arizona-Sonora boundary.
Tachilta, in southern Arizona or northern Sonora.
Tacquison, on the Arizona-Sonora boundary.
Tecolote, in southwestern Pima County, Ariz., near the Mexican
border.
Tubasa, probably on the Rio Santa Cruz River between San
Xavier del Bac and the Gila River, southern Arizona.
Tubutama, on the eastern bank of the northern branch of the Rio
Altar, in north-west Sonora, Mexico.
Valle, probably in Pima County.
Zudiga, probably Papago, in northwest Sonora, Mexico.
History
Father Eusebio Kino was probably
the first white man to visit the Papago, presumably on his first expedition in
1694. Their subsequent history has been nearly the same as that of the Pima,
except that they were not brought quite as much in contact with the Whites.
Population
Mooney (1928) places the number
of Papago at 6,000 in 1680. In 1906 they were reported as follows: Under the
Pima School Superintendent, 2,233; under the farmer at San Xavier, 523 allottees
on the reservation and 2,225 in Pima County. In addition, 859 Papago were
officially reported in Sonora, Mexico, in 1900, probably an underestimate. In
1910, 3,798 were reported in the United States, but the Report of the United
States Indian Office for 1923 gives 5,672; the 1930 census, 5,205; and the
Indian Office Report for 1937, 6,305.
Additional Arizona
Resources
Notes About the Book:
Source: The Indian Tribes of North America, by John R. Swanton, 1953, Bureau of
American Ethnology, Bulletin 145, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC.
Online Publication: The manuscript was scanned and then ocr'd. Minimal editing
has been done, and readers can and should expect some errors in the textual
output.
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