Source Information

Ancestry.com. The History of Mahaska County, Iowa [database on-line]. Provo, UT: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005.
Original data: The History of Mahaska County, Iowa : containing a history of the county, its cities, towns, &c., a biographical directory of citizens, war record of its volunteers in the late rebellion, general and local statistics, portraits of early settlers and prominent men, history of the Northwest, history of Iowa, map of Mahaska County, Constitution of the United States, miscellaneous matters, etc.. Des Moines: Union Historical Co., 1878.